• Amundsen, Ron (2005). The Changing Role of the Embryo in Evolutionary Thought: Roots of Evo-Devo. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.

• Carroll, Sean; Grenier, Jennifer; and Weatherbee, Scott (2005) - From DNA to Diversity: Molecular Genetics and the Evolution of Animal Design 2nd ed. Blackwell Publishing, Oxford, UK.

• Darwin, Charles (1859). On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life. London, J. Murray.

• Dawkins, Richard (1996). The Blind Watchmaker: Why the Evidence of Evolution Reveals a Universe Without Design. W.W. Norton & Co., New York, revised.

• Filler, Aaron G (1986). - Axial Character Seriation in Mammals: An historical and morphological exploration of the origin, development, use and current collapse of the homology paradigm. PhD Thesis, Harvard University (Second Printing: Brown Walker Press, Boca Raton, FL 2007).

• Gould, Stephen J (2002). The Structure of Evolutionary Theory. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA.

• Mayr, Ernst (2001) - What evolution Is. Basic Books, New York.

• Owen, Richard (1866) - Anatomy of Vertebrates. Longman, Green and Co., London.

• Schlosser, Gerhard and Wagner, Günter (2004). Modularity in Development and Evolution. University of Chicago Press, Chicago 2004

Academic literature:

• Gould, Stephen J.  (2002). The exaptive excellence of spandrels as a term and prototype. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science USA 94:10750-10755, 1997.

• Jacobs, David K., Hughes NC, Fitz-Gibbon ST, Winchell CJ (2005)  Terminal addition, the Cambrian radiation and the Phanerozoic evolution of bilaterian form. Evolution & Development 7:498-514, 2005.

• Stotlzfus, Arlin (2006). Mutationism and the dual causation of evolutionary change. Evolution & Development 8:304-317.

• Woese, Carl R. (2004). A new biology for a new century. Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews 68:173-186.

• Eckermann, Johann Peter (1836). Conversations of Goethe. (Da Capo Press, Cambridge, MA 1998).

• Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von (1816) Italian Journey. (Translated by W.H. Auden and Elizabeth Mayer. Penguin Classics, London England 1970).

• Richards, Robert J. (2002). The Romantic Conception of Life: Science and Philosophy in the Age of Goethe. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, IL.

• Steiner, Rudolf (1883). Nature's open secret: Introduction to Goethe's Scientific Writing. (Anthroposophic Press, Barrington, MA 2000.)

1. Geoffroy

• Appel, Toby A. (1987). The Cuvier-Geoffroy Debate: French Biology in the Decades Before Darwin. Oxford University Press, Oxford.

• Blainville, H.M. Ducrotay de (1890) - Cuvier et Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire: Biographie scientifique. (Elibron Classics, Adamant Media Corporation, 2005).

• Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, Etienne (1901). Lettres écrite d'Égypte. Hachette, Paris.

• Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, Isidore (1847). Vie, Travaux et Doctrine Scientifique d'Étienne Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire par Son Fils. P. Bertrand, Paris.

• France, Commission des Science et Arts d’Egypte (1821) Description de L'Égypte: Publiée par les orders de Napoléon Bonaparte. Paris, Imprimiere de C.L.F. Pancoucke. (Benedikt Tachen, Köln 2002).

• Guyader, Hervé Le (2004). Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire: A Visionary Naturalist. Translated by Marjorie Grene. University of Chicago Press, Chicago.

2. Egyptology

• Andrews, Carol (1998). Egyptian Mummies. - Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA.

• Budge, E. A. Wallis (1901). The Egyptian Book of the Dead: The Papyrus of Ani. (Dover Publications, New York, 1967).

• David, Rosalie (2002). Religion and Magic in Ancient Egypt. Penguin Books, London.

• Gordon, Calvin W. and Schwabe, Andrew H. (2004). The Quick and the Dead: Biomedical Theory in Ancient Egypt. Brill-Styx, Boston, MA.

• Pinch, Geraldine (2002). Egyptian Mythology: A Guide to the Gods, Goddesses and Traditions of Ancient Egypt. Oxford University Press, Oxford.

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• Hennig, W. (1966). Phylogenetic Systematics. Urbana, University of Illinois Press.

• Mayr, E. (1942). Systematics and the Origin of Species from the Viewpoint of a Zoologist. New York, Columbia University Press.

• Mayr, E. (1966). Animal Species and Evolution. Cambridge, Belknap Press of Harvard University Press.

• Mayr, E. (1970). Populations, Species, and Evolution; an Abridgment of Animal Species and Evolution. Cambridge, Mass., Belknap Press of Harvard University Press.

• Mayr, E., J. Hey, W. M. Fitch, et al. (2005). Systematics and the Origin of Species : on Ernst Mayr's 100th Anniversary. Washington, D.C., National Academies Press.

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• Arthur, W. (1997). The Origin of Animal Body Plans : A Study in Evolutionary Developmental Biology. Cambridge, U.K. ; New York, Cambridge University Press.

• Bateson, W. (1894). Materials for the Study of Variation Treated with Especial Regard to Discontinuity in the Origin of Species. London ; New York, Macmillan.

• Carroll, S. B. (2006). The Making of the Fittest : DNA and the Ultimate Forensic Record of Evolution. New York, N.Y., W.W. Norton & Co.

• Desmond, A. and J. Moore (1992). Darwin. New York, N.Y., Warner Books.

• Hall, B. K. (1994). Homology : The Hierarchical Basis of Comparative Biology. San Diego, Academic Press.

• Müller, G. and S. Newman (2003). Origination of Organismal Form : Beyond the Gene in Developmental and Evolutionary Biology. Cambridge, Mass., MIT Press.

• Riedl, R. (1978). Order in Living Organisms : A Systems Analysis of Evolution. Chichester ; New York, Wiley.

• Ghiselin, M. T. (1984). The Triumph of the Darwinian Method. Chicago, University of Chicago Press.

• Ghiselin, M. T. (1997). Metaphysics and the Origin of Species. Albany, State University of New York Press.

• Gould, S. J. (2002). The Structure of Evolutionary Theory. Cambridge, Mass., Belknap Press of Harvard University Press.

• Raven, P. H., G. B. Johnson, J. B. Losos, et al. (2005). Biology. Boston, McGraw Hill.

• Schlosser, G. and G. P. Wagner (2004). Modularity in Development and Evolution. Chicago, University of Chicago Press.

• Carroll, S. B., J. K. Grenier and S. D. Weatherbee (2001). From DNA to Diversity: Molecular Genetics and the Evolution of Animal Design. Oxford ; Malden, Mass., Blackwell Science.

• Kardong, K. V. (2005). Vertebrates : Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution. New York, McGraw-Hill Higher Education.

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• Romer, A. S. and T. S. Parsons (1986). The Vertebrate Body. Philadelphia, Saunders College Pub.

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• Alexander, R. M. (1981). The Chordates. Cambridge England ; New York, Cambridge University Press.

• Bakker, R. T. (1993). The Dinosaur Heresies : New Theories Unlocking the Mystery of the Dinosaurs and Their Extinction. New York, Kensington Publishing Co.

• Gambaryan, P. P. (1974). How Mammals Run: Anatomical Adaptations. New York,, Wiley.

• Gans, C. (1980). Biomechanics : An Approach to Vertebrate Biology. Ann Arbor, University of Michigan Press.

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• Beard, K. C. (2004). The Hunt for the Dawn Monkey : Unearthing the Origins of Monkeys, Apes, and Humans. Berkeley ; Los Angeles, University of California Press.

• Begun, D. R. (2003). Planet of the apes. Sci Am 289(2): 74-83.

• Cameron, D. W. and C. P. Groves (2004). Bones, Stones, and Molecules : "Out of Africa" and Human Origins. Burlington, MA, Elsevier Academic Press.

• Ciochon, R. L. and J. G. Fleagle (1987). Primate Evolution and Human Origins. New York, Aldine de Gruyter.

• Delson, E., I. Tattersall and J. A. Van Couvering (2000). Encyclopedia of Human Evolution and Prehistory. New York, Garland Pub.

• Eimerl, S. and I. DeVore (1980). The Primates. Alexandria, Va., Time-Life Books.

• Fleagle, J. G. (1999). Primate Adaptation and Evolution. San Diego, Academic Press.

• Gebo, D. L., Ed. (1993). Postcranial Adaptation in Nonhuman Primates. DeKalb, Illinois, Northern Illinois University Press.

• Jones, S., R. D. Martin and D. R. Pilbeam (1992). The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Human Evolution. Cambridge England ; New York, NY, Cambridge University Press.

• Larsen, C. S., R. M. Matter and D. L. Gebo (1998). Human origins : the fossil record. Prospect Heights, Ill., Waveland Press.

• McKee, J. K., F. E. Poirier and W. S. McGraw (2005). Understanding Human Evolution. Upper Saddle River, NJ, Pearson Prentice Hall.

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• Tattersall, I. (1995). The Fossil Trail : How We Know What We Think We Know About Human Evolution. New York, Oxford University Press.

• Tattersall, I. (2002). The Monkey in the Mirror : Essays on the Science of What Makes Us Human. New York, Harcourt.

• Walker, A. and P. Shipman (2005). The Ape in the Tree : An Intellectual & Natural History of Proconsul. Cambridge, Mass., Belknap Press of Harvard University Press.

• Johanson, D.C. and M.A. Edey (1990). Lucy, the Beginnings of Humankind. New York, Simon and Schuster.

• Johanson, D.C. and B. Edgar (2006). From Lucy to Language. New York, Simon and Schuster.

• Leakey, M. and A. Walker (1997). Early Hominid  Fossils from Africa. Sci Am 276(6): 74-79.

• Tattersall, I. (1998). Becoming Human : Evolution and Human Uniqueness. New York, Harcourt Brace.

• Tattersall, I. and American Museum of Natural History. (1993). The Human Odyssey : Four Million Years of Human Evolution. New York, Prentice Hall General Reference.

• Walker, A. and P. Shipman (1997). The Wisdom of the Bones : In Search of Human Origins. New York, Vintage Books.